The Architecture and Mechanics of Earthen Structures

The history of earthen construction begins in ancient times: archaeological studies have shown that for a millennium it has figured among the most basic and widespread construction materials used by peoples of the most various epochs, cultures and geographic locations. The present study will illustrate some of the aspects of the most well-known constructive techniques – those of pisè, adobe e torchis – with regards to the most important chronological phases of their development in different geographic regions, and will examine the relationship between the choice of architectural typology and the mechanical behaviour of the various structures, including in some cases the reason for the diffusion of the various techniques, the problems of construction, and why they fell into disuse, in relation to factors such as climactic conditions, site geomorphology, the availability of construction materials, social and economic contexts, as well as the various functions for which they were destined.